Dr. Matthews Kagoli•Mrs. Mtisunge Yelewa•Mr. Austin Zgambo•Mr. Sikhona Chipeta•Mr. James Jere•Mr. Noel Khunga
Weekly IDSR Bulletin
Epidemiological Week 48 (24-30 November, 2025)
Published By
Moses Nyambalo Phiri
Public Health Institute of Malawi
National Surveillance Performance
In Week 48, the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system faced significant challenges. Reporting rates dropped considerably, with national completeness falling to 71.3% and timeliness to 68.1%, well below the 80% target. This requires urgent administrative attention.
Reporting Completeness
71.3%
↘-23.5% vs Week 47
Reporting Timeliness
68.1%
↘-23.8% vs Week 47
Performance Analysis
Only the Central West (97.0%) and Central East (92.0%) zones met the national targets. The South West (57.0%) and South East (59.0%) zones performed poorly, indicating potential systemic or logistical issues that require immediate administrative follow-up.
Priority Disease Alerts
Malaria remains the highest burden with 14,011 cases and 7 deaths. Alerts for Typhoid Fever (37 cases, 1 death) and SARI (61 cases, 2 deaths) highlight ongoing public health risks.
Alert Insights
Diarrhoea with blood remains high with 894 cases. Mpox alerts decreased to 19 suspected cases. A single Cholera alert and one Rabies alert were also reported and investigated.
Outbreak Spotlight: Mpox
One new confirmed Mpox case was reported in Week 48. Cumulative cases now total 140. Surveillance remains high to detect any new chains of transmission.
Epidemic Curve
Trend Analysis
The epidemic curve shows sporadic cases persisting. Lilongwe (112 cumulative cases) remains the primary affected district.
Demographic Impact
Recovery Status
Recovery rates are excellent at 98.6%. Currently, only 2 cases are under home isolation.
Outbreak Spotlight: Measles
Measles outbreak clusters have reached a total of 130 cases. While new cases in Balaka have plateaued, Machinga and Dowa reported increases.
Geographic Clusters
Hotspots
Balaka (62 cases) remains the primary hotspot. Machinga cases rose to 25, and Dowa to 9, indicating localized transmission chains.
Vaccination Status
Data Gap
A significant majority (75%) of cases have unknown vaccination status, complicating outbreak analysis.
Event-Based Surveillance (EBS)
21 signals were reported this week. 8 signals (38%) were verified as genuine events, with 4 classified as High Risk.
1
Detection
21 signals reported (Decrease from 39 in Wk 46).
2
Verification
8 signals (38.1%) verified as genuine public health events.
3
Response
4 High Risk events identified requiring urgent intervention.
Risk Profile Breakdown
Signal Triage
4 signals were classified as High Risk, and 3 as Moderate Risk. 13 signals (62%) remain unclassified.
PHIM Strengthens Leadership and Cross-Departmental Collaboration in Follow-up SONAR Workshop
By Moses Nyambalo Phiri|
In collaboration with Andrew Hyroba, Amp Health
Participants at the 2nd Leadership Workshop at Eden Estate & Resort, November 2025.
Building on the momentum established in May 2025 in a three-day Co-creation and Leadership Training Workshop sponsored by the Task Force for Global Health (TFGH) and facilitated by AMP Health, the Public Health Institute of Malawi (PHIM) reconvened on November 12-14, 2025 for a critical follow-up Leadership Skills Workshop to review progress and strategize for the upcoming Global Fund’s funding cycle. As reported in our previous coverage (Co-creation and Leadership Training Workshop), PHIM embarked on a transformative partnership with AMP Health through the SONAR Task Force for Global Health (TFGH) six months ago to enhance its leadership and management capacity to efficiently and effectively deliver program.
Held at the Eden Estates Hotel, the initial co-creation workshop was rooted in the premise that effective leadership and management of disease surveillance and response initiatives are critical to the maintenance of public health security. The initial workshop aimed at addressing systemic challenges in coordination and established shared goals for the June-December period, specifically designed to fast-track programs financed by the Global Fund. The workshop brought together experts from AMP Health and the SONAR Initiative to help PHIM leadership identify key actions in training, supervision, and data management, setting the stage for the work that has continued throughout the year.
Reviewing Progress and Maximizing Impact
The second and final workshop of this series took place from 12-14 November 2025, returning to the Eden Estate & Resort outside Lilongwe. The event saw robust attendance from all three major PHIM departments—Surveillance, Lab, and Research—along with Acting PHIM Director Ms. Dimba Flora and key chiefs responsible for executing PHIM’s mandate.
The primary objective was to review the progress made over the last six months and specifically address the utilization of the Global Fund (GF) grant which concludes in December 2025. Dr. Alphonse Acho, Regional Advisor for the SONAR initiative, emphasized the critical need to demonstrate efficient grant utilization to demonstrate PHIM’s capability to effectively manage and implement grants. The agenda reflected a “deep-dive” into PHIM’s spend rates and the progress against the four priority goals established in May.
Breaking Silos and Sharing Success
One of the most significant outcomes of the workshop was the observation that three – Surveillance, Research, PHIM’s visibility – out of the four set priorities had over 100% achievement rates, while one was reprioritized based on the evolving dynamics on the ground. Some of these achievements were realized in light of delayed access to resources from the Global Fund.
A pivotal moment occurred when data showed that the Surveillance department had utilized approximately 50% of their grant allocation in a six-month period, compared to 21% over the previous 2 ½ years – a 29% utilization in 6-months. Research achieved a remarkable 100% utilization in the same period, and the Laboratory increased utilization from 47% to 56% during the six-month acceleration phase.
Grant Utilization Progress (6-Month Period)
Comparison of total grant utilization achieved by each PHIM department.
The workshop reinforced PHIM’s leadership’s emphasis of the benefits of cross-departmental collaboration, working in a resource-constrained environment, leveraging delegation of responsibilities to achieve greater impact and adopting an advocacy approach to driving performance as well as delivering results. Learning from each other’s strategies that led to these achievement rates, the teams shared the successful approaches and resolved to hold regular joint meetings to improve internal communications, demonstrating a cultural shift towards unified action.
“The culmination of this shared learning was a mutual resolution: the departments committed to holding regular joint meetings and drastically improving internal communications. This isn’t just a policy change; it’s a cultural pledge to never return to the days of working in isolation.”
— Andrew Hyroba, Amp Health
Leadership Tools for the Future
Participants engaging in hands-on leadership and management simulation exercises.
Beyond strategic planning, the workshop focused on practical leadership skills. Participants engaged in leadership and management simulation exercises, team-building exercises aimed at improving team coordination, team effectiveness, problem-solving and using data for decision-making. The final day involved essential training on handling difficult conversations and feedback, empowering team members to address operational bottlenecks—such as delays with the Principal Recipient (PIU)—more effectively.
Essential training on handling difficult conversations, a key component for resolving operational bottlenecks.
“Difficult conversations” often centered on critical operational bottlenecks that risked the loss of grant funds. This included addressing issues like delayed sign-offs on procurement from other Principal Recipient (PR) units. The training provided PHIM leaders with structured frameworks, like the SBI (Situation-Behavior-Impact) model, to deliver feedback constructively and negotiate solutions with external partners without resorting to blame, ensuring swift resolution to logistical impasses. This skill was vital for accelerating utilization of Global Fund resources by proactively clearing these administrative hurdles.
The workshop concluded with a “commitment circle” where the team prioritized practical, actionable steps to sustain these behavioral changes. With clear priority areas now identified and a stronger, more unified team structure in place, PHIM is better positioned to maximize the remaining time with their management partners and demonstrate tangible impact to global funders.
Research Division: NHSRC Forms Guide
ESSENTIAL GUIDANCE
NHSRC Protocol Forms: Streamlining Ethical Review
The Research Division has updated its official National Health Sciences Research Committee (NHSRC) forms. Below, find the documents required for researchers to download, submit, and manage protocols, followed by the internal forms used for NHSRC oversight.
1. Researcher Action Forms (Downloadable)
These forms are mandatory for researchers to initiate, modify, renew, or close a study protocol. Click to download the official template.
FORM 101
Initial Submission
Application to Conduct Health Research
This is the mandatory initial application form required for all researchers intending to conduct human health research under the NHSRC’s jurisdiction. It serves as the comprehensive formal submission that officially initiates the ethical review process by providing all necessary preliminary data. Researchers must include essential protocol information, institutional endorsements, and a complete checklist of supporting documents such as the full proposal, informed consent forms, and investigator CVs.
This essential document must be completed by the Principal Investigator prior to submitting the study proposal to the NHSRC. It serves as a comprehensive self-audit tool, ensuring that all mandatory components—including the main proposal, Form 101, informed consent documents, CVs, evidence of funding, and payment—are included. Submitting a proposal without completing this checklist or without all required elements will lead to automatic rejection or significant delays in the review process.
This form is strictly required when a Principal Investigator needs to request any changes to a study protocol that has already received NHSRC approval. Researchers must clearly detail the proposed modifications, providing the specific reasons necessitating the amendment to the ongoing project. Any changes cannot be implemented until official NHSRC approval for the amendment has been formally granted and documented.
The Continuing Review form is mandatory for all ongoing research protocols to ensure continued ethical compliance and participant welfare past the initial approval period. This process mandates the Principal Investigator to provide a detailed progress report and certify the ongoing ethical conduct of the study. Failure to submit this application in time can result in the suspension or termination of the research.
This form must be submitted to the NHSRC to formally notify the committee of the conclusion or early termination of an approved research protocol. It requires key administrative details, including the protocol number and the final number of participants enrolled, as well as a concise summary of the study’s results at the time of termination. This ensures proper closure of the research file and provides final accountability for human subjects.
This form is used by the Principal Investigator to submit comprehensive information regarding the completed research project. It collects critical details about the study, the number of subjects treated, and dosage information. Most importantly, it requires a detailed summary of the final results and findings. This submission is vital for the NHSRC’s record-keeping and for demonstrating the research outcomes and accountability.
This specialized form is designed for the urgent, mandatory reporting of any Serious Adverse Event (SAE) that occurs during a study. It collects critical, time-sensitive information, including causality assessment related to the study intervention, the outcome for the participant, and the severity of the event. Prompt reporting is essential for participant safety and regulatory compliance throughout the study’s duration.
The Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) Form is mandatory for research protocols involving the transfer or export of materials, such as biological samples, to institutions outside the collection site. It requires detailed documentation of the intention, scientific justification for the transfer, duration of storage, and strict prohibitions against the sale of samples collected in Malawi without prior approval.
2. NHSRC Internal Oversight Forms (Descriptive Only)
These documents are used internally by the NHSRC, its reviewers, and its monitors. The summaries below outline the standards and compliance metrics researchers should be aware of, but the forms themselves are not available for public download.
FORM 701
Reviewer Use Only
Protocol Assessment Form
This is the crucial internal instrument used by designated NHSRC reviewers to systematically evaluate research protocols. It provides a structured checklist for assessing scientific and ethical integrity, focusing on clarity of objectives, methodological soundness, fairness of risk-benefit assessments, and ethical considerations like informed consent and confidentiality provisions. This form standardizes the review process and is the basis for the committee’s decision (e.g., approval, minor/major modifications, or rejection). Researchers should ensure their submissions address all these core areas comprehensively.
Internal Document →
FORM 19-01
Site Monitoring
Inspection Visit Form
This form is utilized by NHSRC representatives or appointed monitors when conducting an on-site visit to a research location. It documents the purpose and outcomes of the inspection, covering administrative details, study status, and protocol compliance. The form serves as a structured report to the committee, ensuring that research sites adhere to the approved protocol, Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines, and regulatory requirements throughout the study’s lifespan. Researchers should expect this level of oversight during the life of the study.
Internal Document →
Inspection Checklist
Site Monitoring Tool
Site Inspection Checklist
This checklist is used in conjunction with the Inspection Visit Form (19-01) to systematically audit specific elements of a research site’s operation. Areas covered include: informed consent processes, drug accountability, data management, Quality Assurance (QA) systems, staff training records (GCP/Ethics), and appropriate waste disposal procedures. It ensures a standardized, thorough assessment of compliance across all participating sites. Knowing the categories on this checklist can help investigators proactively prepare for monitoring visits.
Internal Document →
FORM 02-01
Ethical Compliance
Confidentiality Agreement Form
This is a foundational ethical requirement for all NHSRC members and external visitors attending committee meetings. The individual formally affirms their commitment to holding all confidential, proprietary, or sensitive protocol and participant information in the strictest confidence, except where disclosure is legally mandated. This agreement protects the privacy of research protocols and data during the ethical review process.
Internal Document →
FORM 20-01
Ethical Compliance
Conflict of Interest Form
This document is completed by NHSRC members and staff to outline and manage any actual or potential conflicts of interest. It enforces the policy that no member may participate in the review or approval of an activity in which that member has a conflicting interest except to provide information as requested by the NHSRC. This mechanism is crucial for maintaining the impartiality and integrity of the review process.
Internal Document →
Need further Assistance?
The NHSRC is dedicated to upholding the highest standards of ethics and scientific rigor. For any inquiries regarding protocol submission, review status, or compliance, please reach out to our team.
Promoting Scientific and Ethical Conduct of Health Research in Malawi
Reach out to:
Dr M. Joshua (Chairperson)
Dr F. Namboya (Vice-Chairperson)
Chikondi Chimbatata
Registered with the USA Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP) as an International IRB